Implicit attitudes towards smoking predict long-term relapse in abstinent smokers

Psychopharmacology
Adriaan SpruytKristiaan Nackaerts

Abstract

It has previously been argued that implicit attitudes toward substance-related cues drive addictive behavior. Nevertheless, it remains an open question whether behavioral markers of implicit attitude activation can be used to predict long-term relapse. The main objective of this study was to examine the relationship between implicit attitudes toward smoking-related cues and long-term relapse in abstaining smokers. Implicit attitudes toward smoking-related cues were assessed by means of the Implicit Association Test (IAT) and the evaluative priming task (EPT). Both measures were completed by a group of smokers who volunteered to quit smoking (patient group) and a group of nonsmokers (control group). Participants in the patient group completed these measures twice: once prior to smoking cessation and once after smoking cessation. Relapse was assessed by means of short telephone survey, 6 months after completion of the second test session. EPT scores obtained prior to smoking cessation were related to long-term relapse and correlated with self-reported nicotine dependence as well as daily cigarette consumption. In contrast, none of the behavioral outcome measures were found to correlate with the IAT scores. These findings corrobor...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 14, 2020·Journal of Sleep Research·Amanda L RebarBenjamin Gardner
Sep 30, 2016·Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco·Hyoung S LeeDelwyn Catley
Feb 23, 2021·Frontiers in Human Neuroscience·Tobias A Wagner-AltendorfThomas F Münte

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