Importance of a species' socioecology: Wolves outperform dogs in a conspecific cooperation task.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Sarah Marshall-PesciniFriederike Range

Abstract

A number of domestication hypotheses suggest that dogs have acquired a more tolerant temperament than wolves, promoting cooperative interactions with humans and conspecifics. This selection process has been proposed to resemble the one responsible for our own greater cooperative inclinations in comparison with our closest living relatives. However, the socioecology of wolves and dogs, with the former relying more heavily on cooperative activities, predicts that at least with conspecifics, wolves should cooperate better than dogs. Here we tested similarly raised wolves and dogs in a cooperative string-pulling task with conspecifics and found that wolves outperformed dogs, despite comparable levels of interest in the task. Whereas wolves coordinated their actions so as to simultaneously pull the rope ends, leading to success, dogs pulled the ropes in alternate moments, thereby never succeeding. Indeed in dog dyads it was also less likely that both members simultaneously engaged in other manipulative behaviors on the apparatus. Different conflict-management strategies are likely responsible for these results, with dogs' avoidance of potential competition over the apparatus constraining their capacity to coordinate actions. Wolves,...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 21, 2018·PloS One·Akshay RaoSarah Marshall-Pescini
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Sep 29, 2021·PLoS Biology·Li-Li LiRui-Chang Quan

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