Improving reptile ecological risk assessment: oral and dermal toxicity of pesticides to a common lizard species (Sceloporus occidentalis)

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry
Scott M WeirChristopher J Salice

Abstract

Reptiles have been understudied in ecotoxicology, which limits consideration in ecological risk assessments. The goals of the present study were 3-fold: to improve oral and dermal dosing methodologies for reptiles, to generate reptile toxicity data for pesticides, and to correlate reptile and avian toxicity. The authors first assessed the toxicity of different dosing vehicles: 100 μL of water, propylene glycol, and acetone were not toxic. The authors then assessed the oral and dermal toxicity of 4 pesticides following the up-and-down procedure. Neither brodifacoum nor chlorothalonil caused mortality at doses ≤ 1750 μg/g. Under the "neat pesticide" oral exposure, endosulfan (median lethal dose [LD50] = 9.8 μg/g) was more toxic than λ-cyhalothrin (LD50 = 916.5 μg/g). Neither chemical was toxic via dermal exposure. An acetone dosing vehicle increased λ-cyhalothrin toxicity (oral LD50 = 9.8 μg/g; dermal LD50 = 17.5 μg/g), but not endosulfan. Finally, changes in dosing method and husbandry significantly increased dermal λ-cyhalothrin LD50s, which highlights the importance of standardized methods. The authors combined data from the present study with other reptile LD50s to correlate with available avian data. When only definitive LD5...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 15, 2016·Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology : RTP·Mark CraneJames R Wheeler
May 18, 2016·Environmental Pollution·Valentin MingoNorman Wagner
May 26, 2017·Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry·Justin C CrowJoseph R Tomasso
Jan 21, 2020·Human & Experimental Toxicology·L M FreitasF C Lima
Feb 8, 2020·Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry·Margaret E McArdleAudrey J Bone
Feb 23, 2018·EFSA Journal·UNKNOWN EFSA Panel on Plant Protection Products and their Residues (PPR)Robert H Smith
Feb 7, 2021·Environmental Pollution·D C LettoofM M Gagnon
Jun 28, 2021·Ecotoxicology·Giulia SimbulaLeonardo Vignoli

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