In silico and crystallographic studies identify key structural features of biliverdin IXβ reductase inhibitors having nanomolar potency

The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Natasha M NesbittWadie F Bahou

Abstract

Heme cytotoxicity is minimized by a two-step catabolic reaction that generates biliverdin (BV) and bilirubin (BR) tetrapyrroles. The second step is regulated by two non-redundant biliverdin reductases (IXα (BLVRA) and IXβ (BLVRB)), which retain isomeric specificity and NAD(P)H-dependent redox coupling linked to BR's antioxidant function. Defective BLVRB enzymatic activity with antioxidant mishandling has been implicated in metabolic consequences of hematopoietic lineage fate and enhanced platelet counts in humans. We now outline an integrated platform of in silico and crystallographic studies for the identification of an initial class of compounds inhibiting BLVRB with potencies in the nanomolar range. We found that the most potent BLVRB inhibitors contain a tricyclic hydrocarbon core structure similar to the isoalloxazine ring of flavin mononucleotide and that both xanthene- and acridine-based compounds inhibit BLVRB's flavin and dichlorophenolindophenol (DCPIP) reductase functions. Crystallographic studies of ternary complexes with BLVRB-NADP+-xanthene-based compounds confirmed inhibitor binding adjacent to the cofactor nicotinamide and interactions with the Ser-111 side chain. This residue previously has been identified as c...Continue Reading

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Jan 9, 2020·The Biochemical Journal·Beibei ZhangWadie F Bahou
Nov 10, 2021·Reports on Progress in Physics·Wen-Ting ChuJin Wang

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