In situ imaging of interfacial precipitation of phosphate on Goethite

Environmental Science & Technology
Lijun WangAndrew Putnis

Abstract

Adsorption and subsequent immobilization of orthophosphate on iron oxides is of considerable importance in soil fertility and eutrophication studies. Here, in situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been used to probe the interaction of phosphate-bearing solutions with goethite, α-FeOOH, (010) cleavage surfaces. During the dissolution of goethite we observed simultaneous nucleation of nanoparticles (1.0-3.0 nm in height) of iron phosphate (Fe-P) phases at the earliest nucleation stages, subsequent aggregation to form secondary particles (about 6.0 nm in height) and layered precipitates under various pH values and ionic strengths relevant to acid soil solution conditions. The heterogeneous nucleation rates of Fe-P precipitates at phosphate concentrations ranging from 5.0 to 50.0 mM were quantitatively defined. Enhanced goethite dissolution in the presence of high concentration NaCl or AlCl3 leads to a rapid increase in Fe-P nucleation rates, whereas low concentration MgCl2 inhibits goethite dissolution, this in turn influences Fe-P nucleation. Moreover, kinetic data analyses show that low concentrations of citrate caused an increase in the nucleation rate of Fe-P phases. However, at higher concentrations of citrate, nucleation ac...Continue Reading

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