In utero drug exposure and hearing impairment in 2-year-old children A case-control study using the EFEMERIS database

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
Caroline FochIsabelle Lacroix

Abstract

As the ear development extends from the 4th to the 30th week of pregnancy, in utero exposure to ototoxic drugs might lead to hearing impairment in the fetus. The main study objective was to assess the association between in utero drug exposure and the occurrence of hearing impairment in 2-year-old children. A case-control study was carried out using the EFEMERIS database, recording medications dispensed during pregnancy and the compulsory health certificates for child at 8 days, 9 and 24 months. Cases were defined as children with an abnormal hearing examination recorded on the 24-month certificate and controls as children with a normal hearing examination. Exposure was defined as at least one prescription and dispensation to the mother of drugs grouped at the 3rd level of the Anatomical Therapeutic and Chemical Classification level, compared to no exposure. Univariate logistic regressions were carried out. If the 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of the odds ratio (OR) was significant, a multivariable logistic regression was performed, adjusted on confounders. A total of 1,245 cases with abnormal hearing evaluation and 28,046 controls were selected for analysis. Case and control mothers were comparable in terms of age, educatio...Continue Reading

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