In utero exposure to Onchocerca volvulus: relationship to subsequent infection intensity and cellular immune responsiveness.

Infection and Immunity
L ElsonT B Nutman

Abstract

Afro-Ecuadorian individuals from an area where Onchocerca volvulus is hyperendemic have been monitored for infection over the past 16 years. To determine whether in utero exposure to O. volvulus biases a child's subsequent immune responses, children (9 to 16 years old) for whom the mother's infection status was known were chosen for study. Children of infected mothers (n = 19) had significantly higher levels of skin microfilariae than children of uninfected mothers (n = 13; P = 0.021). While the serum levels of O. volvulus-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgG subclasses, and IgE showed no significant differences between the two groups of children, peripheral blood mononuclear cells of children of infected mothers produced higher levels of Th2-type cytokines to several parasite antigens and lower levels of Th1-type cytokines to nonparasite antigens than those of children of uninfected mothers. Thus, in utero exposure to O. volvulus has a long-term effect on the child's subsequent cellular immune response that may render the child more susceptible to O. volvulus infection postnatally.

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Citations

Jun 12, 1999·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·M G Basáñez, M Boussinesq
Jan 15, 2010·Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases·Michele E Murdoch
Sep 24, 1999·Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·G D BurchardR D Horstmann
Sep 24, 2005·Parasite Immunology·A HoeraufS Specht
Feb 1, 2011·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Maria S MackrothChristopher L King
Mar 6, 2012·PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases·Cathy SteelThomas B Nutman
May 17, 2000·Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine·M A Brown, M Halonen
Mar 18, 2005·Parasite Immunology·P J Cooper
Aug 23, 2003·Infection and Immunity·Indu MalhotraChristopher L King
Jan 30, 2014·Parasite Immunology·H MpairweA Elliott
Feb 8, 2003·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Cathy Steel, Thomas B Nutman

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