In vitro alveolar cytotoxicity of soluble components of airborne particulate matter: effects of serum on toxicity of transition metals

Toxicology in Vitro : an International Journal Published in Association with BIBRA
C D OkesonE Riley-Saxton

Abstract

Respiration of fossil fuel-derived airborne particulate matter (PM) has been linked to various pulmonary disorders. Transition metals contained in such PM, such as zinc, iron and vanadium, have been suggested as the primary culprits in PM-induced pulmonary distress by rat instillation studies. In this study, the cytotoxicity of zinc, iron, and vanadium on confluent monolayers of rat alveolar epithelial cells was evaluated as the inhibition of cellular succinate dehydrogenase metabolic activity as quantified via the MTT assay. In addition, the effect of culture medium serum concentration on the toxicities of these three metals was investigated. Of the three metals tested, zinc was the most toxic, with an EC50 of 0.6 mM in culture medium with 10% serum; vanadium and iron had EC50's of 3 and 4 mM, respectively. Serum in culture medium was found to substantially reduce the apparent toxicity of zinc: EC50's for zinc ranged from 0.6 mM in 10% serum to 0.1 mM in serum-free medium. Zinc toxicity analyses in various culture medium conditions demonstrated that the toxicity-reducing effect of serum was due largely and perhaps entirely, to serum albumin. Some, but not all of the effect of serum and albumin on zinc toxicity is apparently du...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 13, 2009·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Claudia A BlindauerPeter J Sadler
Jul 20, 2010·American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine·Yong Ho KimEdward D Crandall
Jan 28, 2009·Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology·Dianne E PetersonMark R Riley
Jan 9, 2010·Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology·James M Samet, Tamara L Tal
Nov 17, 2012·Clinics in Chest Medicine·R William Field, Brian L Withers
Feb 2, 2010·Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods·Shahnaz Bakand, Amanda Hayes
Sep 29, 2015·Aerosol Science and Technology : the Journal of the American Association for Aerosol Research·Jane TurnerKevin M McCabe
May 11, 2012·Gerontology·Kaitlyn N LewisRochelle Buffenstein
Feb 9, 2018·Toxicology and Industrial Health·Hyun-Ki ChoHeung-Bin Lim
Dec 30, 2020·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Dong Im KimKyuhong Lee
Aug 15, 2006·Environmental Science & Technology·Tobias J BrunnerWendelin J Stark

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