In vitro analysis of the segmental flexibility of the thoracic spine

PloS One
Hans-Joachim WilkeChristian Liebsch

Abstract

Basic knowledge about the thoracic spinal flexibility is limited and to the authors' knowledge, no in vitro studies have examined the flexibility of every thoracic spinal segment under standardized experimental conditions using pure moments. In our in vitro study, 68 human thoracic functional spinal units including the costovertebral joints (at least n = 6 functional spinal units per segment from T1-T2 to T11-T12) were loaded with pure moments of ±7.5 Nm in flexion/extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation in a custom-built spine tester to analyze range of motion (ROM) and neutral zone (NZ). ROM and NZ showed symmetric motion behavior in all loading planes. In each loading direction, the segment T1-T2 exhibited the highest ROM. In flexion/extension, the whole thoracic region, with exception of T1-T2 (14°), had an average ROM between 6° and 8°. In lateral bending, the upper thoracic region (T1-T7) was, with an average ROM between 10° and 12°, more flexible than the lower thoracic region (T7-T12) with an average ROM between 8° and 9°. In axial rotation, the thoracic region offered the highest overall flexibility with an average ROM between 10° and 12° in the upper and middle thoracic spine (T1-T10) and between 7° and 8° in t...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 24, 2018·Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports·Wei WeiPierre-Jean Arnoux
Jan 9, 2020·Current Sports Medicine Reports·Jeffrey RuizThomas M Best
Oct 31, 2019·European Spine Journal : Official Publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society·Hans-Joachim WilkeChristian Liebsch
Apr 15, 2018·European Journal of Applied Physiology·Benedikt SchlagerHans-Joachim Wilke
Feb 7, 2020·Spine Deformity·Sophia N SangiorgioEdward Ebramzadeh
Mar 3, 2020·Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology·Christian Liebsch, Hans-Joachim Wilke
Jul 7, 2020·Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology·Hans-Joachim WilkeChristian Liebsch
Mar 4, 2021·Current Sports Medicine Reports·Alexandra GundersenKelly C McInnis
Mar 18, 2021·European Spine Journal : Official Publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society·Laura ZengerleHans-Joachim Wilke
May 22, 2021·Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine·Christos KoutrasMiguel A Otaduy
Oct 14, 2021·Journal of Osteopathic Medicine·Shirley ChangRandall Nydam

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
X-ray

Software Mentioned

MATLAB

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