In vitro and immunological assessment of the estrogenic activity and concentrations of 17beta-estradiol, estrone, and ethinyl estradiol in treated effluent from 45 wastewater treatment plants in Victoria, Australia

Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
Mayumi AllinsonGraeme Allinson

Abstract

The project was conducted between May 2006 and September 2007, and involved the collection of effluent samples from 45 wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The 45 WWTPs included 16 lagoon-based plants and 29 with activated sludge-based processes. Permission was obtained from all the relevant water authorities to collect samples of final effluent at point of discharge to the environment, whether that was to a creek, a river, the ocean, or the land. Samples were collected on two occasions, namely, in August 2006 (winter) and late February-early March 2007 (summer), and subjected to a number of biological and chemical analyses, including toxicity tests, measurement of hormonal (estrogenic) activity using yeast-based bioassays, and measurement of specific hormonal concentrations using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). Almost all of the effluents examined showed estrogenic activity: in winter, no activity to 73 ng/l 17beta-estradiol equivalents (EEQ); and in summer, no activity to 20 ng/l EEQ. On the whole, the levels of estrogenic activity observed were comparable with the range recently reported in Australia and New Zealand using human estrogen receptor-based assays ("not detected" to approximately 10 ng/l EEQ). The low...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 2, 2014·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Philip D ScottFrederic D L Leusch
Nov 20, 2015·Water Research·Pia VälitaloEija Schultz
Jul 1, 2014·Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry·Peter A BainAnu Kumar
Jan 17, 2015·Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part A, Toxic/hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering·Ilona SchneiderMatthias Oetken
Dec 19, 2017·Environmental Science. Processes & Impacts·Chimi WangmoMichal Bittner
Nov 12, 2015·Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry·Olivia C KingFrederic D L Leusch

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