In vitro and in vivo anti-cancer activity of silymarin on oral cancer

Tumour Biology : the Journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine
Dong-Hoon WonSung-Dae Cho

Abstract

Silymarin, a standardized extract from milk thistle fruits has been found to exhibit anti-cancer effects against various cancers. Here, we explored the anti-cancer activity of silymarin and its molecular target in human oral cancer in vitro and in vivo. Silymarin dose-dependently inhibited the proliferation of HSC-4 oral cancer cells and promoted caspase-dependent apoptosis. A human apoptosis protein array kit showed that death receptor 5 may be involved in silymarin-induced apoptosis, which was also shown through western blotting, immunocytochemistry, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Silymarin increased cleaved caspase-8 and truncated Bid, leading to accumulation of cytochrome c. In addition, silymarin activated death receptor 5/caspase-8 to induce apoptotic cell death in two other oral cancer cell lines (YD15 and Ca9.22). Silymarin also suppressed tumor growth and volume without any hepatic or renal toxicity in vivo. Taken together, these results provide in vitro and in vivo evidence supporting the anti-cancer effect of silymarin and death receptor 5, and caspase-8 may be essential players in silymarin-mediated apoptosis in oral cancer.

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Citations

May 10, 2019·Phytotherapy Research : PTR·Vahid SoleimaniGholamreza Karimi
Aug 14, 2019·Phytotherapy Research : PTR·Tahereh HosseinabadiJavad Sharifi-Rad
Feb 8, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Yue SunGeorge Binh Lenon
Nov 24, 2019·Cell Biology International·Gloria Gutiérrez-VenegasNoémie Bonneau
Mar 7, 2020·Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology·Fernanda Caetano Camini, Daniela Caldeira Costa
Oct 19, 2019·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Su-Jung ChoiSung-Dae Cho
Feb 23, 2020·Seminars in Cancer Biology·Sajad FakhriAnupam Bishayee
Jan 13, 2022·Journal of Evidence-based Integrative Medicine·Tomas Koltai, Larry Fliegel

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
chemical treatment
Assay
fluorescence microscopy
Protein Assay
electrophoresis
Antibody Array
PCR
xenograft
protein array
xenografts

Software Mentioned

SPSS

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