In Vitro Detoxification Studies of p-Cresol by Intestinal Bacteria Isolated from Human Feces

Current Microbiology
Muthu VijayasarathyVenkatesan Brindha Priyadarisini

Abstract

p-Cresol is a neurotoxic and nephrotoxic carcinogenic aromatic substance produced as a result of microbial fermentation in the intestine. The derivatives of p-cresol (p-cresyl sulphate or p-cresyl glucuronide) have a deleterious effect on renal failure patients undergoing hemodialysis. Human gut seems to be inhabited with a diverse microbial population capable of detoxifying many aromatic compounds. However, the knowledge on the role of gut microbes in metabolizing p-cresol is limited. Hence, the present study aims to investigate p-cresol detoxification by intestinal bacteria isolated from human feces. Three potential p-cresol tolerant isolates were selected and identified as Enterococcus faecalis strains (UTD-1, UTD-2 and UTD-3) by 16SrRNA gene sequencing. All three E. faecalis isolates decreased the p-cresol concentration (30 µg/ml) at a higher rate with extracellular extracts (2.58-9.53 µg/ml) as compared to intracellular (0.55-5.28 µg/ml) extract. These three potential isolates also exhibited tolerance to gastrointestinal conditions for up to 60 min. Added to its potential, the expression of virulent genes (esp, gelE, and cyl) was found to be suppressed when subjected to bile stress under in vitro conditions. HPLC analysis ...Continue Reading

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
MH281945
MH281949
MH281954

Methods Mentioned

BETA
electrophoresis
PCR

Software Mentioned

Excel
BioEdit
SPSS
MEGA
BLAST
MS Excel
CLUSTALW

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