In vitro development of rifampin resistance in clinical isolates of Haemophilus influenzae type b.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
R YogevW Glogowski

Abstract

Although all of 14 clinical isolates of Haemophilus influenzae type b strains demonstrated rifampin susceptibility in vitro (minimal inhibitory concentration less than or equal to 0.4 microgram/ml) when an inoculum of 10(4) colony-forming units (CFU) was used, 10 of the 14 strains manifested resistance to this agent when an inoculum of 10(8) CFU was tested. The mutation rate for rifampin resistance ranged from 1 resistant colony per 3.5 x 10(6) CFU to 1 per 4 x 10(7) CFU. The emergence of rifampin-resistant mutants was prevented when trimethoprim was combined with rifampin. This finding suggests that when used alone for prophylaxis of H. influenzae type b nasopharyngeal carriers, rifampin is likely to lead to the emergence of resistant strains.

References

Jun 1, 1978·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·R M Bannatyne, R Cheung
Jul 19, 1979·The New England Journal of Medicine·J I WardB D Plikaytis
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Citations

Sep 1, 1982·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·P M MendelmanA L Smith
Oct 1, 1984·Journal of Clinical Microbiology·B A Atkinson, V Lorian

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