In Vitro Effects of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) on Cadmium Chloride (CdCl2 ) Genotoxicity in Human Sperm Cells

Nanomaterials
Marianna SantonastasoLucia Rocco

Abstract

The environmental release of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) associated with their intensive use has been reported to have a genotoxic effect on male fertility. TiO2NP is able to bind and transport environmental pollutants, such as cadmium (Cd), modifying their availability and/or toxicity. The aim of this work is to assess the in vitro effect of TiO2NPs and cadmium interaction in human sperm cells. Semen parameters, apoptotic cells, sperm DNA fragmentation, genomic stability and oxidative stress were investigated after sperm incubation in cadmium alone and in combination with TiO2NPs at different times (15, 30, 45 and 90 min). Our results showed that cadmium reduced sperm DNA integrity, and increased sperm DNA fragmentation and oxidative stress. The genotoxicity induced by TiO2NPs-cadmium co-exposure was lower compared to single cadmium exposure, suggesting an interaction of the substances to modulate their reactivity. The Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) computational method showed that the interaction between TiO2NPs and cadmium leads to the formation of a sandwich-like structure, with cadmium in the middle, which results in the inhibition of its genotoxicity by TiO2NPs in human sperm cells.

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Citations

Aug 24, 2020·Andrologia·Tahereh EtemadiAli Asghar Ghafarizadeh
Feb 9, 2021·Mutation Research. Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis·Okunola A AlabiYetunde M Adeoluwa
Feb 2, 2021·Molecular Reproduction and Development·Concetta IovineLucia Rocco
Nov 12, 2020·Nanomaterials·Giada Frenzilli
Apr 17, 2021·Reproductive Sciences·Marianna SantonastasoLucia Rocco
Nov 27, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Filomena MottolaLucia Rocco

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
density gradient centrifugation
electrophoresis
PCR

Software Mentioned

GraphPad Prism
OpenComet

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