In vitro evaluation of a new lithium dilution method of measuring cardiac output and shunt fraction in patients undergoing venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

Critical Care Medicine
R A LintonM M Jonas

Abstract

To evaluate, in vitro, a method of measuring cardiac output and shunt fraction during venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Experimental study using an in vitro model. A teaching hospital. An ECMO circuit was set up in parallel with a patient circuit consisting of tubing through which saline was circulated from a 50-L reservoir by a pump which was set at 3 L/min to represent cardiac output. A second pump in the ECMO circuit drew saline from the patient circuit and passed it through a membrane oxygenator. The flow from the membrane oxygenator either returned directly to the patient circuit or was diverted, via a third pump, back into the ECMO circuit, thereby producing a shunt. By adjusting the flow rates of the second (ECMO) and third (shunt) pumps, three shunt fractions of 12%, 25%, and 50% were produced at three different ECMO flow rates. Lithium chloride (0.15 mmol) was injected just downstream of the membrane oxygenator; the lithium ion concentration-time curves were recorded simultaneously in the flow returning to the saline reservoir and in the flow just upstream of the membrane oxygenator using lithium selective electrodes. Nine pairs of curves were recorded, one pair for each combination of ECMO and shu...Continue Reading

References

Aug 1, 1993·British Journal of Anaesthesia·R A LintonK M Haire
Dec 1, 1995·Cardiovascular Research·R A LintonD M Band
Nov 21, 1997·Critical Care Medicine·R LintonR Leach

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Citations

Dec 30, 2015·Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia·Marli SmitJohan F Coetzee
Dec 5, 2006·Journal of Colloid and Interface Science·R Navarrete-CasasA García-Rodríguez
Nov 5, 2016·Journal of Critical Care·Ashleigh XiePaul Forrest
Nov 1, 2016·ASAIO Journal : a Peer-reviewed Journal of the American Society for Artificial Internal Organs·Oscar PalmérMikael Broman
May 14, 2020·Perfusion·Maximilian Valentin MalfertheinerJohn F Fraser
Dec 29, 2009·The International Journal of Artificial Organs·Steven J LindstromRobert F Salamonsen
Dec 26, 2001·Chemical Reviews·N J Birch

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