In vitro photodynamic inactivation of plant-pathogenic fungi Colletotrichum acutatum and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides with Novel Phenothiazinium photosensitizers

Applied and Environmental Microbiology
Henrique D de MenezesGilberto U L Braga

Abstract

The increasing tolerance to currently used fungicides in both clinical and agricultural areas is of great concern. The nonconventional light-based approach of antimicrobial photodynamic treatment (APDT) is a promising alternative to conventional fungicides. We evaluated the effects of APDT with four phenothiazinium derivatives (methylene blue [MB], new methylene blue N [NMBN], toluidine blue O [TBO], and the novel pentacyclic phenothiazinium photosensitizer [PS] S137) on conidia of three fungal species (Colletotrichum acutatum, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, and Aspergillus nidulans). The efficacy of APDT with each PS was determined, initially, based on photosensitizer MICs. Additionally, the effects of APDT with two selected PSs (NMBN and S137) on survival of conidia were evaluated. The subcellular localization of the PS in C. acutatum conidia was determined. The effects of photodynamic treatments on leaves of the plant host Citrus sinensis were also investigated. APDT with S137 showed the lowest MIC. MICs for S137 were 5 μM for the three fungal species when a fluence of 25 J cm(-2) was used. APDT with NMBN (50 μM) and S137 (10 μM) resulted in a reduction in the survival of the conidia of all species of approximately 5 logs w...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 11, 2015·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Bradley L CarpenterReza A Ghiladi
Jul 17, 2015·Biomacromolecules·Bradley L CarpenterReza A Ghiladi
Apr 1, 2015·Current Genetics·Gilberto U L BragaDonald W Roberts
Jul 20, 2016·Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology. B, Biology·Letícia FracarolliGilberto U L Braga
Apr 26, 2016·Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences : Official Journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology·Camila Chevonica VandresenSandra Mara Woranovicz Barreira
Jun 20, 2019·Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences : Official Journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology·Michael GlueckKristjan Plaetzer
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Jan 14, 2021·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·Luciano Dibona-Villanueva, Denis Fuentealba
Sep 21, 2021·Frontiers in Microbiology·Jucélia IantasChirlei Glienke

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