In Vivo Assessment of Exercise-Induced Glenohumeral Cartilage Strain.

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine
Hanci ZhangLouis E DeFrate

Abstract

The human shoulder joint is the most mobile joint in the body. While in vivo shoulder kinematics under minimally loaded conditions have been studied, it is unclear how glenohumeral cartilage responds to high-demand loaded exercise. A high-demand upper extremity exercise, push-ups, will induce compressive strain in the glenohumeral articular cartilage, which can be measured with validated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based techniques. Descriptive laboratory study. High-resolution MRI was used to measure in vivo glenohumeral cartilage thickness before and after exercise among 8 study participants with no history of upper extremity injury or disease. Manual MRI segmentation and 3-dimensional modeling techniques were used to generate pre- and postexercise thickness maps of the humeral head and glenoid cartilage. Strain was calculated as the difference between pre- and postexercise cartilage thickness, normalized to the pre-exercise cartilage thickness. Significant compressive cartilage strains of 17% ± 6% and 15% ± 7% (mean ± 95% CI) were detected in the humeral head and glenoid cartilage, respectively. The anterior region of the glenoid cartilage experienced a significantly higher mean strain (19% ± 6%) than the posterior regi...Continue Reading

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