In vivo imaging of neuronal calcium during electrode implantation: Spatial and temporal mapping of damage and recovery

Biomaterials
James R ElesX Tracy Cui

Abstract

Implantable electrode devices enable long-term electrophysiological recordings for brain-machine interfaces and basic neuroscience research. Implantation of these devices, however, leads to neuronal damage and progressive neural degeneration that can lead to device failure. The present study uses in vivo two-photon microscopy to study the calcium activity and morphology of neurons before, during, and one month after electrode implantation to determine how implantation trauma injures neurons. We show that implantation leads to prolonged, elevated calcium levels in neurons within 150 μm of the electrode interface. These neurons show signs of mechanical distortion and mechanoporation after implantation, suggesting that calcium influx is related to mechanical trauma. Further, calcium-laden neurites develop signs of axonal injury at 1-3 h post-insert. Over the first month after implantation, physiological neuronal calcium activity increases, suggesting that neurons may be recovering. By defining the mechanisms of neuron damage after electrode implantation, our results suggest new directions for therapies to improve electrode longevity.

Citations

Mar 8, 2019·Advanced Healthcare Materials·Xin ZhengXinyan Tracy Cui
Nov 15, 2018·Micromachines·Bailey M WinterErin K Purcell
May 22, 2019·Nature Biomedical Engineering·Laura CabreraErin Purcell
May 10, 2019·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Aparna NambiarMartin Han
Nov 15, 2018·Micromachines·Takashi D Y Kozai
Sep 28, 2018·Journal of Neural Engineering·Janak GaireKevin J Otto
Nov 26, 2019·Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism : Official Journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism·Paul S SharpJason Berwick
Feb 16, 2021·Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology·Weiyang YangWen Li
Feb 23, 2021·Journal of Neuroscience Research·Kyle J BrymerMatthew P Parsons
Feb 24, 2021·Journal of Neural Engineering·Mitchell DubaniewiczTakashi D Y Kozai
May 25, 2021·Advanced Healthcare Materials·Xin Sally ZhengXinyan Tracy Cui

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