In vivo models of cortical acquired epilepsy

Journal of Neuroscience Methods
Sylvain ChauvetteIgor Timofeev

Abstract

The neocortex is the site of origin of several forms of acquired epilepsy. Here we provide a brief review of experimental models that were recently developed to study neocortical epileptogenesis as well as some major results obtained with these methods. Most of neocortical seizures appear to be nocturnal and it is known that neuronal activities reveal high levels of synchrony during slow-wave sleep. Therefore, we start the review with a description of mechanisms of neuronal synchronization and major forms of synchronized normal and pathological activities. Then, we describe three experimental models of seizures and epileptogenesis: ketamine-xylazine anesthesia as feline seizure triggered factor, cortical undercut as cortical penetrating wound model and neocortical kindling. Besides specific technical details describing these models we also provide major features of pathological brain activities recorded during epileptogenesis and seizures. The most common feature of all models of neocortical epileptogenesis is the increased duration of network silent states that up-regulates neuronal excitability and eventually leads to epilepsy.

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Citations

Mar 13, 2018·Current Opinion in Psychiatry·Iris E SommerKenneth Hugdahl
Jul 11, 2020·The Neuroscientist : a Review Journal Bringing Neurobiology, Neurology and Psychiatry·Kevin A Mazurek, Marc H Schieber
Oct 14, 2017·Journal of Cell Science·Joshua M Lorenz-GuertinTija C Jacob
Nov 14, 2017·Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology·A J Becker
Sep 26, 2019·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Elvis Cela, Per Jesper Sjöström
Oct 28, 2019·Genome Medicine·Julie ChowFereydoun Hormozdiari

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