Abstract
Separate nervous systems, somatic and autonomic, were proposed to regulate the portion of the individual's life that is concerned with the external environment and the portion that is concerned with internal homeostasis. Regulation of the autonomic system by the CNS was assigned to the limbic system. Brainstem circuitry, between limbic and autonomic systems, was assigned to the supposedly nonspecific reticular formation. In fact, daily survival depends on integrated control of behavior and internal physiology. In mammals only the brain has the inbuilt programming for patterned co-ordination of these activities. The terms autonomic nervous system, limbic system and reticular formation are at odds with this patterned co-ordination. They should be abandoned and replaced with the term visceral neurons (afferent and efferent) and with reference to relevant specific-neural circuitry in the brain.
References
Apr 1, 1992·Journal of the Autonomic Nervous System·J ElizabethM Lye
May 23, 1972·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·T Kaneda
Mar 1, 1966·The Journal of Comparative Neurology·E Ramón-Moliner, W J Nauta
Jul 1, 1968·The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease·M A Brazier
Oct 1, 1994·Scientific American·A R Damasio
Dec 9, 1993·The New England Journal of Medicine·S M Grunberg, P J Hesketh
Oct 2, 1995·The Journal of Comparative Neurology·X F Huang, G Paxinos
Oct 1, 1958·The American Journal of Medicine·P D MACLEAN
Citations
Aug 14, 2001·Journal of Neurobiology·D DanielsL M Flanagan-Cato
May 3, 2008·Annals of Biomedical Engineering·Erika MolteniClaudio Zucca
Nov 19, 2003·European Journal of Pharmacology·Felix KreierRuud M Buijs
Mar 24, 2005·Progress in Neurobiology·Peter J MorganeDavid J Mokler
Feb 13, 2001·Cognition·J Parvizi, A Damasio
Jan 16, 2003·Hearing Research·Anthony T Cacace
Sep 17, 2011·Social Neuroscience·Mona Sobhani, Antoine Bechara
Mar 7, 2000·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·K E StephanR Kötter
Jun 23, 2009·Clinical Neurophysiology : Official Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology·Alberto A Rasia-Filho
Jan 29, 2002·Journal of Theoretical Biology·Giorgio Recordati
Jun 19, 2001·The Journal of Physiology·J M ThorntonD J Paterson
Sep 22, 1998·Developmental Psychobiology·M S Blumberg, G Sokoloff
Sep 27, 2005·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·Lennart Heimer, Gary W Van Hoesen
Feb 17, 2006·Advances in Physiology Education·Alberto A Rasia-Filho
Sep 30, 2006·American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology·Andrej A Romanovsky
Oct 26, 2018·Neurology·Eduardo E Benarroch
Oct 3, 2017·Frontiers in Physiology·Daniela GuarinoRosa Maria Bruno
Aug 2, 2020·Journal of Affective Disorders·Xiaoqin WangJiang Qiu
Jun 23, 2021·Brain Stimulation·Michael A UrbinDouglas J Weber
Jul 23, 2021·Brain and Behavior·Jia-Jing WuChun-Feng Liu