Incidence of and Risk Factors for Cutaneous Scarring after Herpes Zoster

American Journal of Clinical Dermatology
Lara El HayderiArjen F Nikkels

Abstract

About 20% of children have cutaneous scars following chickenpox. In contrast, skin scars are not often reported after herpes zoster (HZ). Risk factors for post-HZ scarring remain undetermined. Our objective was to prospectively study the incidence of and risk factors for post-HZ scarring. This was a 3-year prospective study of patients with HZ attending a tertiary university hospital. Baseline data, including age, sex, immunosuppression, prior history of scarring, severity and extension of HZ, afflicted HZ dermatome, and antiviral treatment received, were recorded. At 1 month after the HZ skin lesions had healed, patients were screened for skin scars at the prior HZ site. These patients were followed every 2 months for 6 months. At 6 months, 11 (9.7%) of 113 HZ patients still had post-HZ scarring (fair-skinned patients: hypopigmented [n = 3], hyperpigmented [n = 2], atrophic cicatricial [n = 3], and hypertrophic cicatricial [n = 1]; dark-skinned patients: severe hyperpigmented hypertrophic scarring [n = 2]). HZ was extensive and severe in all cases. Nine of the 11 patients were immunocompromised. Three cases had a history of hypertrophic/keloid scarring but no post-varicella scars. The most frequent location was the trunk (n = ...Continue Reading

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