Incidence of waterborne lead in private drinking water systems in Virginia

Journal of Water and Health
Kelsey J PieperMarc Edwards

Abstract

Although recent studies suggest contamination by bacteria and nitrate in private drinking water systems is of increasing concern, data describing contaminants associated with the corrosion of onsite plumbing are scarce. This study reports on the analysis of 2,146 samples submitted by private system homeowners. Almost 20% of first draw samples submitted contained lead concentrations above the United States Environmental Protection Agency action level of 15 μg/L, suggesting that corrosion may be a significant public health problem. Correlations between lead, copper, and zinc suggested brass components as a likely lead source, and dug/bored wells had significantly higher lead concentrations as compared to drilled wells. A random subset of samples selected to quantify particulate lead indicated that, on average, 47% of lead in the first draws was in the particulate form, although the occurrence was highly variable. While flushing the tap reduced lead below 15 μg/L for most systems, some systems experienced an increase, perhaps attributable to particulate lead or lead-bearing components upstream of the faucet (e.g., valves, pumps). Results suggest that without including a focus on private as well as municipal systems it will be very...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 2, 2015·Environmental Science & Technology·Kelsey J PieperMarc Edwards
Nov 18, 2016·American Journal of Public Health·Frank Stillo, Jacqueline MacDonald Gibson
Jul 21, 2017·Environmental Health Perspectives·Jacqueline MacDonald Gibson, Kelsey J Pieper
Aug 9, 2018·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Rianna T MurrayAmy R Sapkota
Jul 8, 2020·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Jacqueline MacDonald GibsonPhilip J Cook
Jan 30, 2020·Current Environmental Health Reports·Debbie Lee, Heather M Murphy
Jan 12, 2021·Environmental Science & Technology·Rebecca KrissMarc A Edwards
Jan 1, 2021·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Angela DeRidderVeera Holdai
Oct 24, 2020·Journal of Water and Health·Kaycie LaneGraham A Gagnon
Apr 25, 2020·The Science of the Total Environment·Kelsey J PieperMarc Edwards
Apr 21, 2021·Environmental Health Perspectives·Michael B FisherJamie K Bartram
May 26, 2021·Environmental Science & Technology·Kelsey J PieperR Edward Beighley
Apr 17, 2018·The Science of the Total Environment·Shakhawat ChowdhuryMd Hasan Zahir
Aug 4, 2021·Risk Analysis : an Official Publication of the Society for Risk Analysis·Jacqueline MacDonald GibsonWändi Bruine de Bruin
Mar 15, 2018·Environmental Science & Technology·Kelsey J PieperMarc A Edwards
Aug 18, 2021·Environmental Health Perspectives·Nate Seltenrich
Nov 9, 2018·Environmental Science & Technology·Kelsey J PieperMarc A Edwards
Mar 6, 2019·Environmental Science & Technology·Bryant C JurgensKenneth Belitz
Apr 26, 2020·Journal of Public Health Management and Practice : JPHMP·Aubrey E GillilandAdrienne Katner
Dec 1, 2020·Journal of Public Health Management and Practice : JPHMP·Sarah D GeigerSamuel Dorevitch

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