Incorporating variability in point estimates in risk assessment: Bridging the gap between LC50 and population endpoints

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry
John D StarkJohn E Banks

Abstract

Historically, point estimates such as the median lethal concentration (LC50) have been instrumental in assessing risks associated with toxicants to rare or economically important species. In recent years, growing awareness of the shortcomings of this approach has led to an increased focus on analyses using population endpoints. However, risk assessment of pesticides still relies heavily on large amounts of LC50 data amassed over decades in the laboratory. Despite the fact that these data are generally well replicated, little or no attention has been given to the sometime high levels of variability associated with the generation of point estimates. This is especially important in agroecosystems where arthropod predator-prey interactions are often disrupted by the use of pesticides. Using laboratory derived data of 4 economically important species (2 fruit fly pest species and 2 braconid parasitoid species) and matrix based population models, the authors demonstrate in the present study a method for bridging traditional point estimate risk assessments with population outcomes. The results illustrate that even closely related species can show strikingly divergent responses to the same exposures to pesticides. Furthermore, the auth...Continue Reading

References

Aug 1, 1997·Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety·J D StarkA Antonelli
Sep 11, 2002·Annual Review of Entomology·John D Stark, John E Banks
Oct 25, 2002·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Valery E Forbes, Peter Calow
Jan 14, 2004·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·John D StarkRoger Vargas
Aug 25, 2005·Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry·Julann A Spromberg, Wesley J Birge
Jul 18, 2006·Annual Review of Entomology·Nicolas DesneuxJean-Marie Delpuech
Dec 25, 2008·Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry·Valery E ForbesRichard M Sibly
Jan 23, 2009·Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology·Angela D Deardorff, John D Stark
Feb 9, 2010·Risk Analysis : an Official Publication of the Society for Risk Analysis·John E BanksJohn D Stark
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Oct 22, 2010·Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry·Vincent J KramerGerald T Ankley
Sep 21, 2011·Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management·Wayne G Landis, Peter M Chapman
Sep 17, 2013·Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry·Christopher John ToppingPeter van Vliet
Jul 6, 2014·Ecological Applications : a Publication of the Ecological Society of America·John E BanksAzmy S Ackleh

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