Abstract
Amikacin, netilmicin and tobramycin were incorporated into either anionic or cationic liposomes prepared by sonication. The influence of lipid constituents (charges) on encapsulation efficiency was determined after lysis of vesicles by 0.2% (v/v) Triton X-100. The in-vitro activities of the liposomal aminoglycosides were evaluated against Pseudomonas aeruginosa by agar dilution and compared with free antibiotics. Normal human pooled sera, incubated at 37 degrees C, were supplemented with anionic or cationic liposomes containing known fixed concentrations of amikacin, netilmicin or tobramycin. At various time intervals (0-48 h), samples were taken and antibiotic concentrations determined by the enzyme multiplied immunoassay technique (EMIT). The encapsulation efficiency of cationic liposomes (amikacin 17.1 +/- 1.55%, netilmicin: 5.63 +/- 1.13%, tobramycin 6.7 +/- 0.5%) was approximately 30% higher than that of anionic liposomes (amikacin 12.3 +/- 0.95%, netilmicin 4.0 +/- 0.06%, tobramycin 5.13 +/- 0.18%). Anionic and cationic liposomes in human serum still retained 79.13 +/- 4.04% and 82.71 +/- 2.6% of amikacin, 50.67 +/- 1.8% and 38.6 +/- 0.8% of netilmicin, and 89.09 +/- 1.0% and 88.93 +/- 0.4% of tobramycin, respectively, af...Continue Reading
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