Increased Arterial Stiffness in a Cohort of Pediatric Takayasu Arteritis Patients in Toronto Adversely Affects Left Ventricular Mechanics

Journal of Clinical Rheumatology : Practical Reports on Rheumatic & Musculoskeletal Diseases
Heynric B GrotenhuisLars Grosse-Wortmann

Abstract

Takayasu arteritis (TA) is characterized by extensive aortic, large and midsize arterial wall inflammation. The aim of this study was to assess the morphological and elastic properties of the aorta and large arteries and the impact on left ventricular (LV) mechanics in children with TA. Seven pediatric TA patients (6 female patients, 13.8 ± 3.2 years) were assessed with magnetic resonance imaging, vascular ultrasound, applanation tonometry, and echocardiography from February 2015 until July 2017 and compared with 7 age- and sex-matched controls. Takayasu arteritis disease activity was assessed clinically by the Pediatric Vasculitis Activity Score (PVAS). Pediatric TA patients showed increased carotid-to-radial artery pulse wave velocity (8.1 ± 1.8 vs. 6.4 ± 0.6 m/s, P = 0.03) and increased carotid-to-femoral artery pulse wave velocity (8.3 ± 1.9 vs. 5.1 ± 0.8 m/s, P < 0.01) when compared with controls. Patients demonstrated increased LV mass index (74.3 ± 18.8 vs. 56.3 ± 10.9 g/m, P = 0.04), altered myocardial deformation with increased basal rotation (-9.8 ± 4.5 vs. -4.0 ± 2.0 degrees, P = 0.01) and torsion (19.9 ± 8.1 vs. 9.1 ± 3.1 degrees, P = 0.01), and impaired LV diastolic function with decreased mitral valve E/A ratio (1...Continue Reading

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