Increased frequency of circulating Tc22/Th22 cells and polyfunctional CD38(-) T cells in HIV-exposed uninfected subjects

Scientific Reports
Luanda M S OliveiraMaria N Sato

Abstract

Some individuals are resistant to HIV-1 infection despite repeated exposure to the virus, suggesting the presence of a complex antiviral response. Innate factors like IL-22 exert gut mucosal protection and polyfunctional T cells have been associated with low progression in HIV infection; therefore, we evaluated the frequencies of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell-secreting cytokines, including Tc22/Th22 cells and polyfunctional T cells in HIV-1-exposed uninfected individuals (EUs), their HIV-1-infected partners and healthy controls. EUs exhibited an increased frequency of p15 Gag CD4+ IL-22+ secreting T cells, whereas HIV-infected partners demonstrated a high frequency of CD4+ IL-17+ T cells in response to p24. Similar responses of Th22 and Tc22 cells to Gag peptides and Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) stimulation were detected in the serodiscordant couples. However, polyfunctionality in HIV subjects was associated with an HIV Gag response of CD38+ T cells, whereas polyfunctionality for EUs was induced upon SEB stimulation by CD38- T cells. EUs demonstrated the presence of Tc22/Th22 cells and polyfunctional CD38- T cells with a low activation profile. These data suggest that SEB-induced polyfunctional CD4+ and CD8+ T cells together with ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 16, 2016·Frontiers in Immunology·Silvia Gimeno BriasIan R Humphreys
Jan 23, 2020·Cancer Immunology Research·Michael St PaulPamela S Ohashi
Apr 7, 2021·AIDS Research and Therapy·Liqi LuYuanshuai Huang
Aug 27, 2021·Frontiers in Medicine·Jianguang GongDawei Cui

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
flow cytometry

Software Mentioned

SPICE
FlowJo

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