Increased gut microbial translocation in HIV-infected children persists in virologic responders and virologic failures after antiretroviral therapy.

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
Sudheesh Pilakka-KanthikeelSavita Pahwa

Abstract

Gut microbial translocation (MT) is considered a major cause of immune activation (IA) and failure of immune reconstitution in HIV infection. This study investigated the relationship of virus replication, IA, CD4 counts and MT in HIV-infected children. Lipopolysaccharide, bacterial 16S ribosomal DNA (16SrDNA) and soluble CD14 (sCD14) levels were determined in prospectively collected, stored plasma samples from the Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol P338, a 48-week study initiated in 1997 to compare efficacy of dual nucleosides with a ritonavir-containing regimen. Results of MT were correlated with study data for T cell IA, plasma viral load and CD4 counts in 85 HIV-infected children (ages 2-17 years) designated as virologic responders or virologic failures (VF) at week 44 based on a cutoff of 400 HIV RNA copies/mL. Levels of plasma lipopolysaccharide, 16SrDNA and sCD14 were increased in comparison with HIV-uninfected controls and did not decrease at week 44 even in virologic responders. T cell IA was correlated with viral load and sCD14 at entry and with 16SrDNA and sCD14 at week 44 in total patients and in the VF group. Changes in 16SrDNA correlated with changes in IA and negatively with changes in CD4 counts. 16SrD...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 27, 2013·AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses·Felicity FitzgeraldNigel Klein
May 21, 2013·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Athena P KourtisDenise J Jamieson
Jan 1, 2014·Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes : JAIDS·Sudheesh Pilakka-KanthikeelSavita Pahwa
Dec 19, 2015·Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS·Julia M RoiderPhilip J R Goulder
Oct 16, 2012·Trends in Microbiology·Nichole R KlattJason M Brenchley
Sep 8, 2015·Clinical Immunology : the Official Journal of the Clinical Immunology Society·Jenny SvärdPiotr Nowak
Feb 18, 2014·Atherosclerosis·Talía SainzUNKNOWN Madrid Cohort of HIV-infected children and adolescents, integrating the Pediatric branch of the National AIDS Research Netwo
Nov 17, 2015·Journal of Immunology Research·Jacqueline María Valverde-VillegasJosé Artur Bogo Chies
Aug 15, 2018·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Felicity C FitzgeraldUNKNOWN CHAPAS-3 Trial Team
Mar 17, 2018·AIDS·Kiran T ThakurGretchen L Birbeck
Jul 2, 2019·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Sahera Dirajlal-FargoGrace A McComsey
May 7, 2014·Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes : JAIDS·Jenny SvärdPiotr Nowak
Jul 5, 2016·Paediatrics and International Child Health·Moherndran ArcharyRaziya A Bobat
Oct 19, 2017·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Varghese GeorgeUNKNOWN AIDS Clinical Trials Group A5202 Study Team
Aug 10, 2019·Frontiers in Immunology·Melissa SchepersTim Vanmierlo
Oct 13, 2021·Aging·Lesley R de ArmasSavita Pahwa

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