Abstract
The rate of lengthening has a profound impact on bone regeneration during distraction osteogenesis. Rapid distraction can delay or completely inhibit union, whereas distracting too slowly may lead to premature consolidation. However, the mechanisms responsible for retardation of healing due to rapid distraction have not been elucidated. This study explored whether rapid distraction alters the expression of certain angiogenic growth factors, in particular, fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-AA), and subsequent new vessel formation as evidenced by platelet endothelial cellular adhesion marker expression (CD31), an indicator of vascular budding. Unilateral femoral lengthenings were performed in 60 male Sprague-Dawley rats using a protocol that involved a 7-day latency period and distraction rates of either 0.5 (slow distraction) or 1.5 mm/d (fast distraction) for a total of 7.0 mm of lengthening. Animals were euthanized on postoperative days 8, 10, 12, 14, and 21 (n = 6 per time point and distraction rate). Expression of FGF-2, VEGF, PDGF-AA, and CD31 was characterized immunohistochemically. Cellular staining of FGF-2, PDGF-AA, VEGF, and CD31 was redu...Continue Reading
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