Increased NK Cell Count in Multiple Sclerosis Patients Treated With Dimethyl Fumarate: A 2-Year Longitudinal Study

Frontiers in Immunology
Damiano MarastoniMassimiliano Calabrese

Abstract

Background: Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is a disease-modifying drug for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Among others, DMF impedes immune activation by shifting the balance between inflammatory and regulatory cell types and by inducing apoptosis-triggered lymphopenia. Although the decrease in lymphocyte count is an early effect of the drug in several patients, the long-term impact on lymphocyte subsets is largely unknown. Methods: We performed a 2-years observational study on total lymphocyte count and subsets thereof by flow cytometry of peripheral blood of 38 multiple sclerosis patients in treatment with DMF. Data were collected at the beginning and after 3, 6, 12, and 24 months of therapy. Results: Total lymphocyte count decreased in relation to time of exposure to DMF. Mean absolute B cell count decreased by 34.1% (p < 0.001) within the first 3 months of therapy and then remained stable over time. Mean absolute CD3+ T cells count decrement reached 47.5% after 12 months of treatment (p < 0.001). NK cells count showed a heterogeneous trend, increasing by 85.9% (p < 0.001) after 2 years of treatment. CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells substantially decreased, with a significant increase of CD4+/CD8+ ratio during the first year o...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 18, 2020·Journal of Clinical Medicine·Alice Laroni, Antonio Uccelli
Oct 23, 2020·Pharmacology & Therapeutics·Cinzia Dello RussoMunir Pirmohamed
Feb 9, 2021·Clinical & Translational Immunology·Yuyan YangCynthia Louis
Oct 17, 2020·Infection and Drug Resistance·Mena Al-AniAzzam A Maghazachi

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
flow cytometry

Software Mentioned

GraphPad
Prism
R studio

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