Increased population prevalence of low pertussis toxin antibody levels in young children preceding a record pertussis epidemic in Australia.

PloS One
Patricia CampbellJodie McVernon

Abstract

Cross-sectional serosurveys using IgG antibody to pertussis toxin (IgG-PT) are increasingly being used to estimate trends in recent infection independent of reporting biases. We compared the age-specific seroprevalence of various levels of IgG-PT in cross-sectional surveys using systematic collections of residual sera from Australian diagnostic laboratories in 1997/8, 2002 and 2007 with reference to both changes in the pertussis vaccine schedule and the epidemic cycle, as measured by disease notifications. A progressive decline in high-level (≥62.5 EU/ml) IgG-PT prevalence from 19% (95% CI 16-22%) in 1997/98 to 12% (95% CI 11-14%) in 2002 and 5% (95% CI 4-6%) in 2007 was consistent with patterns of pertussis notifications in the year prior to each collection. Concomitantly, the overall prevalence of undetectable (<5 EU/ml) levels increased from 17% (95% CI 14-20%) in 1997/98 to 38% (95% CI 36-40%) in 2007 but among children aged 1-4 years, from 25% (95% CI 17-34%) in 1997/98 to 62% (95% CI 56-68%) in 2007. This change followed withdrawal of the 18-month booster dose in 2003 and preceded record pertussis notifications from 2008 onwards. Population seroprevalence of high levels of IgG-PT is accepted as a reliable indicator of per...Continue Reading

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
ELISA
serum collection

Software Mentioned

STATA
Excel

Related Concepts