Increased Urinary Trimethylamine N-Oxide Following Cryptosporidium Infection and Protein Malnutrition Independent of Microbiome Effects

The Journal of Infectious Diseases
David T BolickRichard L Guerrant

Abstract

Cryptosporidium infections have been associated with growth stunting, even in the absence of diarrhea. Having previously detailed the effects of protein deficiency on both microbiome and metabolome in this model, we now describe the specific gut microbial and biochemical effects of Cryptosporidium infection. Protein-deficient mice were infected with Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts for 6-13 days and compared with uninfected controls. Following infection, there was an increase in the urinary excretion of choline- and amino-acid-derived metabolites. Conversely, infection reduced the excretion of the microbial-host cometabolite (3-hydroxyphenyl)propionate-sulfate and disrupted metabolites involved in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Correlation analysis of microbial and biochemical profiles resulted in associations between various microbiota members and TCA cycle metabolites, as well as some microbial-specific degradation products. However, no correlation was observed between the majority of the infection-associated metabolites and the fecal bacteria, suggesting that these biochemical perturbations are independent of concurrent changes in the relative abundance of members of the microbiota. We conclude that cryptosporidial infect...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 10, 2018·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·Luther A BarteltPaul S Hoffman
Apr 18, 2018·Infection and Immunity·D T BolickR L Guerrant
Apr 13, 2018·European Journal of Nutrition·Jordi Mayneris-Perxachs, Jonathan R Swann

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