Increased Virulence of an Epidemic Strain of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Is Associated With Interference of the Innate Response in Pigs

Frontiers in Microbiology
Lauro Velazquez-SalinasLuis L Rodríguez

Abstract

Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) causes sporadic outbreaks of vesicular disease in the southwestern United States. The intrinsic characteristics of epidemic strains associated with these outbreaks are poorly understood. In this study, we report the distinctive genomic and biological characteristics of an epidemic (NJ0612NME6) strain of VSV compared with an endemic (NJ0806VCB) strain. Genomic comparisons between the two strains revealed a total of 111 nucleotide differences (23 non-synonymous) with potentially relevant replacements located in the P, G, and L proteins. When tested in experimentally infected pigs, a natural host of VSV, the epidemic strain caused higher fever and an increased number of vesicular lesions compared to pigs infected with the endemic strain. Pigs infected with the epidemic strain showed decreased systemic antiviral activity (type I - IFN), lower antibody levels, higher levels of interleukin 6, and lower levels of tumor necrosis factor during the acute phase of disease compared to pigs infected with the endemic strain. Furthermore, we document the existence of an RNAemia phase in pigs experimentally infected with VSV and explored the cause for the lack of recovery of infectious virus from blood. Finally...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 22, 2019·Microbiology Resource Announcements·Lauro Velazquez-SalinasLuis L Rodriguez
Dec 14, 2018·Insects·Paula Rozo-LopezBerlin Londoño-Renteria
May 28, 2019·Frontiers in Microbiology·Lauro Velazquez-SalinasManuel V Borca
Oct 10, 2020·Scientific Reports·Lucía GuillénMar Masiá
Sep 30, 2021·APMIS : Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica, Et Immunologica Scandinavica·Helena Aagaard GludLars Erik Larsen

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
sedation
ELISA

Software Mentioned

GraphPad
MEGA
SSE
Sequence Distances
GraphPad Prism

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