Indirect readout of DNA sequence by papillomavirus E2 proteins depends upon net cation uptake.

Journal of Molecular Biology
Dukagjin M BlakajMichael Brenowitz

Abstract

The papillomavirus E2 proteins bind with high affinity to palindromic DNA sequences consisting of two highly conserved four base-pair sequences flanking a variable "spacer" of identical length (ACCG NNNN CGGT). While intimate contacts are observed between the bound proteins and conserved DNA in the available co-crystal structures, no contact is seen between the proteins and the spacer DNA. The ability of human papillomavirus strain 16 (HPV-16) E2 and bovine papillomavirus strain 1 (BPV-1) E2 to discriminate among binding sites with different spacer sequences is dependent on their sensitivity to the unique conformational and/or dynamic properties of the spacer DNA in a process termed "indirect readout". Differential sequence-specific K(+) uptake in low ionic strength solutions lacking Mg(2+) is observed upon E2 protein binding to sites containing the AATT, TTAA or ACGT spacer sequences. In contrast, the cation displacement typical of protein-DNA complex formation is observed at high K(+) concentrations or in the presence of Mg(2+). These results are interpreted to reflect the sequence-specific stabilization of bent DNA conformations by cations localized within the narrowed minor grooves of the protein-bound DNA and the intrinsic...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 18, 2006·Nucleic Acids Research·Elizabeth HooleyR Leo Brady
Aug 3, 2011·Virology Journal·Adam RogersPeter C Angeletti
Mar 11, 2009·Frontiers in Bioscience (Landmark Edition)·Dukagjin M BlakajMichael Brenowitz
Sep 3, 2008·Journal of Molecular Biology·Andrea C BabicNancy C Horton
Mar 31, 2007·Journal of Molecular Biology·Brahim HeddiBrigitte Hartmann
Jan 8, 2010·Journal of Molecular Biology·Derrick WatkinsLoren Dean Williams
Feb 2, 2008·Biochemistry·Derrick WatkinsLoren Dean Williams

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