PMID: 8603281Dec 1, 1995Paper

Individual differences in central nervous system response to antihistamines (H1-receptor antagonists)

Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology : Official Publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology
F E SimonsK J Simons

Abstract

We hypothesized that the objectively documented central nervous system response to antihistamines (H1-receptor antagonists) could not be predicted reliably by an individual's subjective perception of somnolence after ingestion of these medications. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-dose, four-way crossover study, cetirizine 10 mg, hydroxyzine 50 mg, diphenhydramine 50 mg, or placebo were administered to 20 healthy subjects. Before and two to two and one-half hours after dosing, the latency of the P300 event-related potential (P300) at the central (Cz) and parietal (Pz) scalp electrodes, and the visual analogue scale for somnolence were recorded. Epicutaneous tests with histamine were performed, and serum H1-receptor antagonist concentrations were also measured. Neither cetirizine nor placebo significantly increased the mean P300 latency or somnolence as recorded on the visual analogue scale compared with predose baseline (P > .05), although increases were seen in some subjects after each of these treatments. Hydroxyzine and diphenhydramine increased the mean P300 latency and somnolence significantly (P < .05) compared with baseline; increases were observed in most, but not all subjects. Hydroxyzine increased P300 la...Continue Reading

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