Individual variability in speed of information processing: an index of cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis

Neuropsychology
Angela M BodlingSharon G Lynch

Abstract

The principal cognitive domain impacted by multiple sclerosis (MS) appears to be information processing speed. Studies have documented mean differences between MS patients and healthy controls on numerous measures of information processing speed, but the present study is one of the first to examine individual variability (i.e., inconsistency) in processing speed. Thirty-nine patients with relapsing-remitting or secondary progressive MS and 32 healthy controls completed a series of reaction time (RT) tests, the Stroop Test, and the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test. In addition to mean differences, appropriate measures of individual variability (i.e., coefficients of variability) were obtained for the tests yielding response times. MS patients performed more poorly on all response time measures, responding more slowly and with greater inconsistency than controls. Logistic regression analyses showed that inconsistency measures contributed independently to the discrimination between groups beyond that resulting from measures of mean processing speed. The so-called "complexity effect" was also demonstrated; greater between-groups differences on both mean RTs and inconsistency generally occurred on tasks placing greater demand on ce...Continue Reading

Citations

Jun 6, 2013·Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology : the Official Journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists·Abbey J HughesSharon G Lynch
Apr 9, 2015·Journal of Neurology·Meaghan CloughJoanne Fielding
May 27, 2015·Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology·Alexandra K RothSharon G Lynch
Apr 11, 2015·Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology : the Official Journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists·Douglas R DenneySharon G Lynch
Apr 20, 2014·Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology·Magdalena A WojtowiczJohn D Fisk
Oct 8, 2014·Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair·Ria WolkorteInge Zijdewind
May 22, 2016·Multiple Sclerosis : Clinical and Laboratory Research·Silvana L CostaNancy D Chiaravalloti
Mar 13, 2014·Multiple Sclerosis : Clinical and Laboratory Research·Magdalena WojtowiczJohn D Fisk
Feb 22, 2013·Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS·Magdalena WojtowiczJohn D Fisk
Dec 19, 2018·Multiple Sclerosis Journal - Experimental, Translational and Clinical·L De MeijerA Van der Walt
Jan 18, 2020·Journal of Research in Medical Sciences : the Official Journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences·Fereshteh ShamsianFereshteh Ashtari
Feb 28, 2021·Journal of the Neurological Sciences·Tehila Eilam-StockLeigh E Charvet

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