Individuals fail to reap the collective benefits of diversity because of over-reliance on personal information

Journal of the Royal Society, Interface
Alan Novaes TumpRalf H J M Kurvers

Abstract

Collective intelligence refers to the ability of groups to outperform individuals in solving cognitive tasks. Although numerous studies have demonstrated this effect, the mechanisms underlying collective intelligence remain poorly understood. Here, we investigate diversity in cue beliefs as a mechanism potentially promoting collective intelligence. In our experimental study, human groups observed a sequence of cartoon characters, and classified each character as a cooperator or defector based on informative and uninformative cues. Participants first made an individual decision. They then received social information consisting of their group members' decisions before making a second decision. Additionally, individuals reported their beliefs about the cues. Our results showed that individuals made better decisions after observing the decisions of others. Interestingly, individuals developed different cue beliefs, including many wrong ones, despite receiving identical information. Diversity in cue beliefs, however, did not predict collective improvement. Using simulations, we found that diverse collectives did provide better social information, but that individuals failed to reap those benefits because they relied too much on pers...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 26, 2018·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·Ralf H J M Kurvers, Max Wolf
Apr 23, 2019·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Albert B Kao, Iain D Couzin
Feb 23, 2020·Scientific Reports·Kyanoush Seyed Yahosseini, Mehdi Moussaïd
Aug 25, 2020·Science Advances·Alan N TumpRalf H J M Kurvers
May 18, 2021·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Olivier MorinAlberto Acerbi
Aug 18, 2021·Scientific Reports·Benoît de CoursonMichael Benzaquen
Nov 30, 2021·PLoS Computational Biology·Bertrand JaylesRalf H J M Kurvers

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