Inducible chromatin priming is associated with the establishment of immunological memory in T cells.

The EMBO Journal
Sarah L BevingtonPeter N Cockerill

Abstract

Immunological memory is a defining feature of vertebrate physiology, allowing rapid responses to repeat infections. However, the molecular mechanisms required for its establishment and maintenance remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrated that the first steps in the acquisition of T-cell memory occurred during the initial activation phase of naïve T cells by an antigenic stimulus. This event initiated extensive chromatin remodeling that reprogrammed immune response genes toward a stably maintained primed state, prior to terminal differentiation. Activation induced the transcription factors NFAT and AP-1 which created thousands of new DNase I-hypersensitive sites (DHSs), enabling ETS-1 and RUNX1 recruitment to previously inaccessible sites. Significantly, these DHSs remained stable long after activation ceased, were preserved following replication, and were maintained in memory-phenotype cells. We show that primed DHSs maintain regions of active chromatin in the vicinity of inducible genes and enhancers that regulate immune responses. We suggest that this priming mechanism may contribute to immunological memory in T cells by facilitating the induction of nearby inducible regulatory elements in previously activated T cells.

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Aug 23, 2016·Molecular Cell·Tim KünneStan J J Brouns
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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
GSE67465
GSE67464
GSM361998
GSM362002
GSM736501
and
GSM1441281

Methods Mentioned

BETA
histone acetylation
transfection
immunoprecipitation
transgenic
PMA
flow cytometry
PCR
ChIP
footprinting

Software Mentioned

HOMER
UCSC

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