PMID: 11342896May 9, 2001Paper

Inducible nitric oxide synthase in the bladder of spinal cord injured patients with a chronic indwelling urinary catheter

The Journal of Urology
B M WallC R Cooke

Abstract

Spinal cord injured patients are at increased risk for bladder carcinoma. Nitric oxide production in areas of chronic inflammation may provide a stimulus for carcinogenesis by serving as a source of nitrosating agents that generate potentially carcinogenic nitrosamines from secondary amines normally present in urine. To determine whether inducible nitric oxide synthase is expressed as a catalyst for sustained nitric oxide production by cellular elements in chronically inflamed bladder mucosa immunohistochemical studies were performed on mucosal biopsies obtained from 37 adults with spinal cord injury. All participants had required a chronic indwelling urethral or suprapubic catheter for greater than 8 years. Histopathological studies revealed active inflammatory infiltrates in all 37 biopsy specimens, squamous metaplasia in 20, epithelial dysplasia in 3 and carcinoma in 1. Inducible nitric oxide synthase was detected in inflammatory cells localized to the lamina propria. Inducible nitric oxide synthase positive cells were identified as macrophages using monoclonal antibodies to macrophage antigen. There was no inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in the urothelial cell layers. Immunostaining for inducible nitric oxide syn...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 17, 2007·Current Urology Reports·Peter D Metcalfe, Richard C Rink
Sep 9, 2004·Current Opinion in Obstetrics & Gynecology·Mat H HoOmid Khorram
Jan 12, 2008·Neurochemistry International·Christopher P SmithGeorge T Somogyi
Jan 10, 2012·Annual Review of Immunology·Giorgio Trinchieri
May 8, 2007·Urologic Oncology·Dominique S Michaud
Oct 21, 2014·European Journal of Immunology·Amiran DzutsevGiorgio Trinchieri
Mar 22, 2003·Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics·Marcia R SabanRicardo Saban
Oct 20, 2001·Spinal Cord·S VaidyanathanP Sett
Sep 10, 2002·American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology·Ricardo SabanBarry K Wershil

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