PMID: 9178501May 1, 1997Paper

Induction of apoptosis and cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase by cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus infection

Virus Research
H S Hoff, R O Donis

Abstract

The Pestivirus bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) causes the fatal diarrheal syndrome, mucosal disease, because of mutations in the viral genome which convert the common noncytopathic (ncp) BVDV into a cytopathic (cp) biotype. We examined the nature of the cytopathic effect of cp-BVDV in cultured bovine cells in order to accurately describe the process and to gain insight into the mechanism of cp-BVDV-induced cell death. The findings demonstrate that cells infected with cp-BVDV in vitro die by apoptosis, but cells infected with ncp-BVDV do not. Analysis of nuclear morphology by staining with fluorescent DNA dye and cpi-fluorescence microscopy showed chromatin condensation and margination in cells infected with cp-BVDV. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed the condensation of chromatin, as well as cell shrinkage and generation of apoptotic bodies. The chromosomal DNA of cells infected with cp-BVDV undergoes fragmentation, generating the typical oligonucleosomal fragments commonly noted during apoptosis. The fragmented DNA was released from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, and eventually to the culture supernatant. Infection with cp-BVDV activates cellular proteases of the ICE family leading to cleavage of poly(ADP-ribos...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 1, 2001·Antiviral Research·R Bartenschlager, V Lohmann
Sep 21, 2002·Journal of Veterinary Medicine. B, Infectious Diseases and Veterinary Public Health·B GrummerI Greiser-Wilke
Jan 11, 2001·Journal of Virology·V LohmannR Bartenschlager
Oct 12, 2002·American Journal of Veterinary Research·Martha J HardingRuben O Donis
May 23, 2001·The Journal of General Virology·A SummerfieldK C McCullough
Oct 1, 2005·Virus Research·Laura H V G GilRuben O Donis
Dec 20, 2013·Journal of Virology·Stefanie SchmeiserMatthias König
Aug 25, 2012·Uirusu·Yoshihiro Sakoda
Jun 18, 2003·The Journal of General Virology·E J GlewC J Howard
Dec 6, 2001·Experimental and Molecular Pathology·G KalkeriS Dash

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Apoptosis

Apoptosis is a specific process that leads to programmed cell death through the activation of an evolutionary conserved intracellular pathway leading to pathognomic cellular changes distinct from cellular necrosis