Abstract
Fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE), nonoxidative products of ethanol metabolism, are formed by the esterification of fatty acids and ethanol. Alcoholic subjects have high levels of FAEE in the circulation as well as in organs and tissues, especially those most often damaged by ethanol abuse. Our previous studies showed a significant synthesis of FAEE by human mononuclear cells within seconds of exposure to physiologic doses of ethanol. In addition, FAEE inhibited phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated interleukin-2 production and calcium (Ca(2+)) influx into human mononuclear cells. FAEE also caused a rapid increase in the intracellular cAMP. The mechanism by which alcohol suppresses the immune system remains undetermined. To evaluate the morphological and physiological effects of FAEE on human mononuclear cells and to study the impact of FAEE on cell viability. Mononuclear cell fractions of human white blood cells (WBC) were incubated with physiological doses (25 and 50 microM) of ethyl oleate, a representative FAEE, for 15, 30, 60, 120 or 180 minutes. Morphological changes were evaluated by light and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release was measured as a physiological indicator of necrosis. Phy...Continue Reading
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