Induction of gp91-phox, a component of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase, in microglial cells during central nervous system inflammation

Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism : Official Journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism
S P GreenJ T Curnutte

Abstract

Gp91-phox is an integral component of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase complex that generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) in activated circulating phagocytes. The authors previously demonstrated that gp91-phox knockout (KO) mice show significant protection from neuronal injury after cerebral ischemia--reperfusion injury, suggesting a pivotal role for this enzyme. Moreover, results from chimeric mice suggested that elimination of gp91-phox from both circulating phagocytes and a putative central nervous system (CNS) source were required to confer neuroprotection. In the current study, the authors demonstrated gp91-phox-specific immunostaining of perivascular cells in the CNS of control rats. However, after transient cerebral ischemia, gp91-phox-positive phagocytes were observed within the core ischemic region and activated microglial cells were positive in the penumbra. Such activated microglial cells were also gp91-phox-positive in the CNS of a chimpanzee with mild meningitis. Finally, in humans, both normal adult CNS tissues and isolated fetal microglial cells expressed gp91-phox mRNA. These microglia also expressed mRNA for the five other known components that comprise the NADPH oxidase complex...Continue Reading

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
electron spin resonance
PMA
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
density gradient centrifugation
flow cytometry
electrophoresis
PCR

Software Mentioned

Quest
Cell

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