Induction of Lysosomal Membrane Permeabilization Is a Major Event of FTY720-Mediated Non-Apoptotic Cell Death in Human Glioma Cells

Cancers
Kyoung-Jin Min, Taeg Kyu Kwon

Abstract

FTY720, a sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor modulator, is a synthetic compound produced by the modification of a metabolite from I. sinclairii. Here, we found that FTY720 induced non-apoptotic cell death in human glioma cells (U251MG, U87MG, and U118MG). FTY720 (10 µM) dramatically induced cytoplasmic vacuolation in glioma cells. However, FTY720-mediated vacuolation and cell death are not associated with autophagy. Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of autophagy did not inhibit FTY720-induced cell death. Herein, we detected that FTY720-induced cytoplasmic vacuoles were stained with lysotracker red, and FTY720 induced lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP). Interestingly, cathepsin inhibitors (E64D and pepstatin A) and ectopic expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), which is an endogenous inhibitor of LMP, markedly inhibited FTY720-induced cell death. Our results demonstrated that FTY720 induced non-apoptotic cell death via the induction of LMP in human glioma cells.

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Citations

Aug 7, 2021·Medicina·Ana Gomez-LarrauriAlberto Ouro

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
flow cytometry
electron microscopy
fluorescence-activated cell sorting
Assay
confocal
fluorescence microscopy
FACS

Software Mentioned

SPSS
SPSS ( Statistical Package for the Social Sciences

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