Induction of muscle glutamine synthetase gene expression during endotoxemia is adrenal gland dependent

Shock
G LukaszewiczS F Abcouwer

Abstract

Skeletal muscle plays a crucial role in maintaining nitrogen homeostasis during health and critical illness by exporting glutamine, the most abundant amino acid in the blood. We hypothesized that induction of glutamine synthetase (GS) expression, the principal enzyme of de novo glutamine biosynthesis, in skeletal muscle after endotoxin administration was adrenal gland dependent. We studied the expression of GS in normal and adrenalectomized rats after intraperitoneal administration of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Treatment of normal rats with LPS resulted in a marked increase in GS mRNA that was dose and time dependent, and preceded the increase in GS protein and specific activity. The increase in muscle GS mRNA observed in normal rats in response to LPS was abrogated in adrenalectomized rats at 3 h after high dose LPS treatment and markedly attenuated at 5.5 h after low dose LPS treatment. These and other studies implicate glucocorticoid hormones as a key, but not exclusive, regulator of skeletal muscle GS expression after a catabolic insult.

Citations

Nov 14, 2003·Clinical Nutrition : Official Journal of the European Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition·V MezzarobbaD Meynial-Denis
Aug 24, 1999·Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care·P O Hasselgren
Sep 12, 1998·The Journal of Surgical Research·K M ElgadiW W Souba
Sep 5, 2001·The Journal of Nutrition·A M KarinchW W Souba
Feb 10, 1999·The American Journal of Physiology·S ChandrasekharS F Abcouwer
Oct 14, 2019·Trends in Parasitology·Leen VandermostenPhilippe E Van den Steen

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