Induction of the carrier state in pigeons infected with Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar typhimurium PT99 by treatment with florfenicol: a matter of pharmacokinetics

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
F PasmansF Haesebrouck

Abstract

Paratyphoid caused by Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium is the main bacterial disease in pigeons. The ability of Salmonella serovar Typhimurium to persist intracellularly inside pigeon macrophages results in the development of chronic carriers, which maintain the infection in the flock. In this study, the effect of drinking-water medication with florfenicol on Salmonella infection in pigeons was examined. The pharmacokinetics of florfenicol in pigeons revealed a relatively high volume of distribution of 2.02 liters/kg of body weight and maximum concentrations in plasma higher than the MICs for the Salmonella strain used (4 microg/ml) but quick clearance of florfenicol due to a short half-life of 1.73 h. Together with highly variable bioavailability and erratic drinking-water uptake, these parameters resulted in the inability to reach a steady-state concentration through the continuous administration of florfenicol in the drinking water. Florfenicol was capable of reducing only moderately the number of intracellular salmonellae in infected pigeon macrophages in vitro. Only at high extracellular concentrations (>16 microg/ml) was a more-than-10-fold reduction of the number of intracellular bacteria noticed. ...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Mar 28, 2013·Foodborne Pathogens and Disease·Kamelia M OsmanAlAtfeehy Nayerah
Aug 18, 2010·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·Esteban SotoJohn P Hawke
Sep 27, 2012·BMC Veterinary Research·Mariska MuijsersFrank Pasmans
Nov 20, 2013·Environmental Microbiology Reports·Lieven Van WaeyenbergheAn Martel
Apr 5, 2012·FEMS Microbiology Letters·Ashish RanjanNammalwar Sriranganathan
Sep 8, 2009·The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Exotic Animal Practice·Roger Harlin, Laura Wade
Oct 23, 2020·Transboundary and Emerging Diseases·Edyta Kaczorek-ŁukowskaTomasz Stenzel

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