Inequalities in smoking prevalence: a missed opportunity for tobacco control in Pakistan

Journal of Public Health
Haleema Masud, Oyinlola Oyebode

Abstract

Pakistan is one of the highest tobacco consuming countries in South Asia and consumption is increasing. To implement equity orientated tobacco control policies, the most vulnerable groups must be identified. We aimed to identify these groups using the Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey (PDHS) 2012-13. Descriptive statistics, univariate and multivariate analyses were used to explore household and participant characteristics associated with smoking inside the home or tobacco smoking, respectively. Survey weights were used to give nationally representative findings. Data for 12 931 households, 3132 men and 13 538 women were examined. About 58.3% of surveyed households were smoke-free, 39.1% were exposed to indoor tobacco smoke every day, 2.6% less frequently. Significantly more rural households were exposed to indoor tobacco smoke than urban households (45.2% versus 34.9%). Of men, 28.3% reported smoking compared with 1.3% of women. Smoking prevalence was higher in older age groups. Increasing wealth was associated with lower smoking prevalence and indoor smoking. For men, but not women, increasing education was associated with reduced smoking. Inequalities in smoking behaviour impose harm to those who can least afford the fin...Continue Reading

References

Jan 11, 2002·Addiction·K Nasir, N Rehan
Feb 5, 2004·American Journal of Public Health·Elizabeth M BarbeauMah-Jabeen Soobader
May 26, 2005·American Journal of Public Health·Glorian SorensenMangesh S Pednekar
Jul 5, 2005·Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health·S E HillP Howden-Chapman
Jan 17, 2009·Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health·P SmithC Mustard
Dec 8, 2009·Journal of Health Economics·David M Cutler, Adriana Lleras-Muney
Mar 8, 2011·Bulletin of the World Health Organization·Vikram S Pathania
Nov 19, 2011·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·Rosemary HiscockMarcus Munafò
Jan 17, 2014·The Lancet. Respiratory Medicine·Talha Khan Burki
Dec 17, 2014·International Journal for Equity in Health·Joan L BottorffJ Craig Phillips
Oct 1, 2015·Health Promotion International·Kate R PurcellMaya Rivis
Apr 7, 2016·Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco·Nandita BhanChristopher Millett
Jun 6, 2016·Drug and Alcohol Dependence·Jizzo R BosdrieszAnton E Kunst

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jan 9, 2019·Journal of Biomedical Semantics·Rey-Long Liu
Feb 8, 2019·The Journal of Asthma : Official Journal of the Association for the Care of Asthma·Sherry Everett JonesZanie Leroy
Sep 5, 2019·NPJ Primary Care Respiratory Medicine·Melanie BoeckmannUNKNOWN TB & Tobacco Consortium
Sep 12, 2020·International Health·Geha Nath Khanal, Resham Bahadur Khatri
Jul 19, 2019·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Biplab Kumar DattaNigar Nargis

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

Related Papers

Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
A HylandK Michael Cummings
Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health
Varachai ThongthaiChanya Sethaput
American Journal of Public Health
Hadii M MamuduAhmed E Ogwell Ouma
© 2022 Meta ULC. All rights reserved