Infant Exposure to Metals through Consumption of Formula Feeding in Mekelle, Ethiopia

International Journal of Analytical Chemistry
Tadele EtichaHailekiros Gebretsadik

Abstract

This study aimed at determination of heavy metals (cadmium, lead, and zinc) in milk-based infant formulas collected from Mekelle, Ethiopia, and their associated health risks to the infants through consumption of these products. The infant feeding samples were dry-ashed in a muffle furnace followed by digestion in nitric acid and the resulting solutions were analyzed by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Cadmium was not detected in the samples while the levels of lead and zinc ranged from not detected value to 0.103 mg/kg and from 27.888 to 71.553 mg/kg, respectively. The estimated daily intake values and the health risk indices of both metals were below their respective safety limits and the threshold of 1, respectively. These findings show low infant health risk of these metals through consumption of these products. Nevertheless, regular monitoring of infant formula for toxic metals is required since infants are potentially more susceptible to metals.

References

Jan 11, 1990·The New England Journal of Medicine·H L NeedlemanE N Allred
Oct 19, 1999·Journal of the American Dietetic Association·S B Fein, C D Falci
Mar 10, 2001·Environmental Research·B L GulsonJ B Donnelly
Feb 9, 2002·Food Additives and Contaminants·R Moreno-RojasG Zurera-Cosano
Sep 9, 2005·Food Additives and Contaminants·I Navarro-Blasco, J I Alvarez-Galindo
Nov 3, 2006·Neurotoxicology and Teratology·Jonathon E EricsonRichard T Robertson
Mar 31, 2009·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·Tasneem G KaziAbdul Q Shah
Jul 17, 2010·Food Additives & Contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, Analysis, Control, Exposure & Risk Assessment·R PiccinelliC Leclercq

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jul 17, 2020·Biological Trace Element Research·Lawrence Olusegun AjalaValentine Ifenna Onwukeme
Dec 19, 2020·Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety·Bianca Figueiredo de Mendonça PereiraBernardete Ferraz Spisso
Jun 3, 2021·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Maria Luisa AstolfiCarmela Protano
Jul 25, 2021·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Agnieszka MaruszewskaIzabela Gutowska

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Software Mentioned

SPSS

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.