PMID: 1183268Jun 1, 1975Paper

Infants' reactions to an approaching stranger: description, validation, and functional significance of wariness.

Child Development
E WatersL A Sroufe

Abstract

Reliable descriptions of infants' behavioral responses to an approaching stranger were made from video records. Subtle negative responses (wariness) were validated against heart rate acceleration and responses to mother approach and showed significant age changes. Behavioral aspects of wariness appear to serve a "cutoff" (coping) function for the infant, preventing all-or-none responses (crying) and facilitating subsequent reengagement of the stranger. Attention to both positive and negative responses, especially in the milder forms, helps clarify inconsistencies in reported age of onset and frequency of "stranger fear." The role of data on infants' responses to strangers in formulating an integrated picture of development in the second half-year of life is discussed.

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Citations

Apr 11, 2013·Infant Behavior & Development·Tracy R Brower, Teresa Wilcox
May 1, 2008·Psychological Bulletin·Amrisha VaishAmanda Woodward
Jan 24, 2016·Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry·Matthew D Albaugh
Apr 1, 1979·Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines·B S Batter, C V Davidson
Jul 18, 2012·Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America·Jennifer Urbano Blackford, Daniel S Pine
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Jan 1, 1985·Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry·W L Donovan, L A Leavitt
Jan 1, 1977·Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry·J S Werry
Sep 1, 2015·Biological Psychology·S V WassK Clackson
Oct 27, 2015·Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience·Alice M GrahamDamien A Fair
Jun 17, 2011·Developmental Science·Elena Hoicka, Nameera Akhtar
Apr 12, 2012·Developmental Science·Nim TottenhamKathryn L Humphreys
Oct 9, 2012·The British Journal of Developmental Psychology·Elena Hoicka, Nameera Akhtar
Sep 1, 1987·Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines·I Marks
Jul 1, 1980·Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines·T M Horner
Jun 26, 2012·Infant Behavior & Development·Sabine Seehagen, Jane S Herbert
Apr 4, 1998·Developmental Psychobiology·L A Schmidt, N A Fox
Oct 1, 2014·Current Directions in Psychological Science·Karen E AdolphVanessa LoBue
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May 1, 1978·Journal of Learning Disabilities·C E Cunningham, R A Barkley
Jan 1, 1981·Psychopharmacology·H C Steinhausen, E M Kreuzer

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