Infection and the etiology and pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis

Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports
I SteinerI Wirguin

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) currently defies clinical and scientific definitions, and carries a prognosis that remains practically unchanged despite many years of intensive research. Although the prevailing dogma is that MS is an immune-mediated condition, it fulfills none of the criteria of an autoimmune disease. On the other hand, there is enough significant data to suggest that infectious agents(s) could be involved in either direct damage to the white matter or induce inflammatory responses that secondarily affect the brain. Our goal here is to review the data supporting the possibility that infection has a critical role in the disease, examine the list of potential candidates that have been suggested, and outline an approach regarding the potential role of infectious agents in the etiology and pathogenesis of MS.

References

Jun 1, 1989·Neurology·E A OperskalskiR Detels
Jun 8, 1985·Lancet·W A SibleyK Clark
Sep 1, 1985·Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry·G DeanM Elian
Nov 1, 1995·Neurology·I R MackenzieC A Wiley
Aug 1, 1995·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·P B ChallonerM Chang
Jan 1, 1995·Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. Supplementum·S D CookP C Dowling
Jan 1, 1994·Annals of Neurology·R T Johnson
Oct 1, 1993·Clinical Microbiology Reviews·J F Kurtzke
Feb 1, 1996·Journal of Virology·J HeC Wood
May 28, 1996·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·R LöwerR Kurth
Aug 1, 1996·Immunological Reviews·I Steiner
Dec 1, 1996·Acta Neurologica Scandinavica·N Zilber, E Kahana
Jul 8, 1997·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·H PerronB Mandrand
Jul 1, 1997·Clinical Microbiology Reviews·D K BraunP E Pellett
Dec 13, 1997·Nature Medicine·L Steinman, M B Oldstone
May 19, 1998·Nature Medicine·A R Coates, J Bell
Apr 20, 1999·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·P J RuizL Steinman
Mar 30, 2000·Journal of Clinical Virology : the Official Publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology·B M BlumbergA D Goodman
May 3, 2000·Medical Hypotheses·I Steiner, I Wirguin
Jul 6, 2000·Neurology·R A MarrieL Abenhaim
Sep 28, 2000·The New England Journal of Medicine·J H NoseworthyB G Weinshenker
Jun 1, 1963·Brain : a Journal of Neurology·K SCHAPIRAH MILLER

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

May 28, 2004·Ageing Research Reviews·Mark P Mattson
Mar 7, 2003·Journal of Neuroimmunology·Robert H SwanborgAlan P Hudson
Feb 26, 2010·Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases·Carlo ContiniEnrico Fainardi
Sep 27, 2007·Annals of Neurology·Israel Steiner, Subramanian Sriram

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Bacterial Pneumonia

Bacterial pneumonia is a prevalent and costly infection that is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients of all ages. Here is the latest research.

Autoimmune Diseases

Autoimmune diseases occur as a result of an attack by the immune system on the body’s own tissues resulting in damage and dysfunction. There are different types of autoimmune diseases, in which there is a complex and unknown interaction between genetics and the environment. Discover the latest research on autoimmune diseases here.

Bacterial Pneumonia (ASM)

Bacterial pneumonia is a prevalent and costly infection that is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients of all ages. Here is the latest research.

Related Papers

Autoimmune Diseases
Bharath WootlaMoses Rodriguez
Iranian Journal of Child Neurology
Soroor Inaloo, Saideh Haghbin
Pathophysiology : the Official Journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology
J Steven AlexanderAlireza Minagar
© 2022 Meta ULC. All rights reserved