Infectious Morbidity, Mortality and Nutrition in HIV-exposed, Uninfected, Formula-fed Infants: Results From the HPTN 040/PACTG 1043 Trial

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
Nava YeganehKarin Nielsen-Saines

Abstract

HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) infants are a growing population with potentially poor health outcomes. We evaluated morbidity and mortality in HEU formula-fed infants enrolled in the NICHD HPTN 040/PACTG 1043 trial. Infectious morbidity, mortality and undernutrition were evaluated within a cohort of 1000 HEU infants enrolled between April 2004 and April 2010 in Brazil (n = 766) and South Africa (n = 234) as part of the NICHD/HPTN 040 trial of 3 different antiretroviral regimens to decrease intrapartum HIV vertical transmission. Twenty-three percent of infants had at least 1 infectious serious adverse effect. Infants born to mothers with <12 years of education [adjusted odds ratio (AOR), 2.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2-5.9), with maternal viral load of >1,000,000 copies/mL at delivery (AOR, 9.9; 95% CI, 1.6-63.1) were more likely to have infectious serious adverse effects. At 6 months, the infant mortality rate per 1000 live births overall was 22 ± 2.6, 9.1 ± 1.8 in Brazil and 64.1 ± 3 in South Africa. Undernutrition and stunting peaked at 1 month of age with 18% having a weight-for-age Z score ≤-2, and 22% with height for Z score ≤-2. The likelihood of infant mortality was greater among infants born in South Africa compare...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 21, 2019·Current HIV/AIDS Reports·Allison Ross EckardNancy L Hagood
Nov 17, 2019·Current HIV/AIDS Reports·Catherine J WedderburnAndrew J Prendergast
Sep 26, 2020·Sexually Transmitted Diseases·Nava YeganehJeffrey Klausner

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