Inflammatory lesion and parasite load are inversely associated in Leishmania amazonensis infected mice genetically selected according to oral tolerance susceptibility
Abstract
Two strains of mice selected according to extreme phenotypes of susceptibility and resistance to oral tolerance (TS and TR mice, respectively) were infected with 1 x 10(7) Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes and studied comparatively. TS mice developed a minor pathology while permitting parasite growth with the presence of increased IL-4, IL-10 and IFN-gamma, and lower NO and IL-2 levels and delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH). In contrast, in TR mice, footpad swelling was increased but parasite growth was reduced. They produced lower IL-4, IL-10 and IFN-gamma but increased NO, IL-2 levels, DTH, activated spleen macrophages and periarteriolar lymphoid sheaths. The results suggest that the tolerogenic TS mouse profile, with higher IL-10 production, impaired lesion development but also avoided macrophage leishmanicidal activity, maintaining in this manner a silent parasite load. On the other hand, the TR mouse profile contributed to lesion progression with controlled parasite load. To directly address the influence of oral tolerance on infection, mice were gavaged with OVA, and 7 days afterwards were infected and challenged to bystander suppression with OVA in the same footpad. In TR mice gavaged with 25 mg OVA the inflammatory ...Continue Reading
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Effect of genetic modifications by selection for immunological tolerance on fungus infection in mice
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